The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is one of two collateral ligaments associated with the knee joint. This ligament originates from the lateral epicondyle, a bony ridge on the outer femur (thigh bone), and descends along the outer portion of the knee to its attachment site on the head of the fibula (smaller bone alongside the tibia). The LCL is also referred to as the fibular collateral ligament (FCL) because of its anchoring point on the fibular head. Together with the medial collateral ligament (MCL), the LCL protects the knee joint against unusual twisting motions while also assisting in joint stabilization. An LCL injury occurs when a substantial force to the inner knee causes the knee joint to shift sideways. The severity of ligament damage is categorized into three grades ranging from simple stretching of the LCL to a complete separation from its attachment site. Dr. Frank McCormick, orthopedic knee specialist serving Orlando, Palm Beach County, and surrounding Florida communities, has the knowledge and understanding, as well as substantial experience, in treating patients with a lateral collateral ligament injury.
Pain and tenderness localized to the outer edge of the knee are commonly reported among individuals with a lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injury. This pain typically begins immediately after a knee injury and can become worse over time. Some other common symptoms of an LCL injury include:
A medical history is obtained by Dr. McCormick with a detailed focus on the knee followed by a thorough physical examination. While a medical history and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosing a lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injury, imaging studies, such as x-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may also be requested and performed. These diagnostic tools allow Dr. McCormick to visualize the damaged ligament as well as rule out damage to any other knee joint structures.
Mild lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries may respond well to initial treatment with conservative therapies. The knee joint should be protected by a knee brace or other joint immobilization device. Crutches or a walker can help assist with mobility while limiting the amount of weight placed onto the affected knee joint. Any pain and inflammation associated with this injury can be minimized with a combination of RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). When allowed, stretching and range of motion exercises can be performed at home by following the instructions provided by Dr. McCormick.
Surgical intervention may be needed to restore rotational stability to the knee joint. This more invasive treatment option is recommended for patients with severe and/or complex lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries or for those who failed to respond to initial conservative treatments. Surgical repair of the LCL can be accomplished through a minimally invasive arthroscopic procedure involving a small camera (arthroscope) and specialized surgical instruments. Any damaged ligament fragments are excised and removed and the remaining healthy ligament is sutured back together or securely fastened to the bone. Irreparable LCL injuries often require surgical reconstruction of the entire ligament. These particular cases involve harvesting a tissue graft, either from the patient (autograft) or donor (allograft), and embedding this graft into the native tissue before reattaching the ligament back to the bone.
For more information on meniscus tears of the knee, or the excellent treatment options available, please contact the office of Frank McCormick, MD, orthopedic knee specialist serving Orlando, West Palm Beach County, and surrounding Florida communities.
