The patella (kneecap) is a sesamoid bone found at the anterior (front) portion of the knee joint. This bone is anchored to the femur (thigh bone) by the quadriceps tendon and the tibia (shin bone) by the patellar tendon. The patella travels up and down a track-like channel in the femur, known as the trochlear groove, with knee joint movement. A direct blow to the knee or an abnormal twisting motion can result in the patella becoming dislodged from the trochlear groove. The soft-tissue structures associated with the patella can be weakened from a patella dislocation thereby increasing the risk of subsequent patella dislocations. Dr. Frank McCormick, orthopedic knee specialist serving Orlando, Palm Beach County, and surrounding Florida communities, has the knowledge and understanding, as well as substantial experience, in treating patients with a patella dislocation.
Individuals with a patella dislocation frequently complain of severe knee pain accompanied by rapid, acute inflammation. On occasion, this pain and swelling may result in the patella returning to its correct anatomical position. Some other common symptoms of a patellar dislocation include:
Dr. McCormick will gather a medical history with a focus on the knee, including any previous patella dislocations, prior knee injuries, underlying conditions, and current symptoms. A physical examination will follow to evaluate the laxity of the knee ligaments. Diagnostic imaging studies are useful tools for analyzing the extent of damage from the injury. X-rays can identify any bone-related injuries, such as a fracture, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can confirm any additional damage to the soft-tissue structures of the knee joint.
A medical history is obtained by Dr. McCormick with a detailed focus on any previous knee injuries, a history of patellar tendinitis, underlying health conditions, and current symptoms. This is followed by a thorough physical examination to evaluate knee flexion and knee extension. Diagnostic imaging studies, such as x-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may be requested to confirm a patellar tendon injury and identify any damage to the other soft-tissue structures within the knee joint.
If a patella dislocation is suspected, prompt medical attention by an orthopedic knee specialist or other medical professional is strongly encouraged.
If a patella dislocation occurs and does not spontaneously return to its normal position, a joint reduction technique will be performed. Reduction of this joint should only be performed by a medical professional who is experienced in the manual manipulation of the patella back into the trochlear groove.
Patients with mild ligament injuries following a patella dislocation may benefit from conservative therapies alone. If the patella has been successfully reduced, a knee brace is applied to protect the other structures from further damage. A combination of rest, ice, compression, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) can be used for pain and inflammation management. A physical rehabilitation program may also be encouraged to restore strength and mobility to the knee joint.
Surgical intervention may be required in the event of unsuccessful conservative therapy, additional complex or extensive knee joint injuries, or damage to multiple structures. Subsequent patella dislocations are more likely due to the weakened ligament structure. Restabilizing the patella can be accomplished through any of the following surgical procedures:
For more information on patellar tendon injuries, or the excellent treatment options available, please contact the office of Frank McCormick, MD, orthopedic knee specialist serving Orlando, Palm Beach County, and surrounding Florida communities.
